{
  "dataset_name": "ADA Trip-Hazard Threshold Dataset",
  "version": "2026-07-24",
  "publisher": "Rockford Concrete Leveling Research",
  "publisher_identity": "Rockford Concrete Leveling Research is the independent research and reference section of rockfordconcreteleveling.net.",
  "page_url": "https://rockfordconcreteleveling.net/research/ada-trip-hazard-height/",
  "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
  "record_count": 68,
  "fields": [
    "record_id",
    "dataset",
    "jurisdiction_or_issuer",
    "instrument",
    "section",
    "threshold_in",
    "threshold_mm",
    "treatment_required",
    "max_slope_ratio",
    "max_slope_percent",
    "applies_to",
    "legal_force",
    "binding_on",
    "instrument_date",
    "verification_tier",
    "source_url",
    "date_checked",
    "limitation_note"
  ],
  "description": "A documentary crosswalk of ADA change-in-level dimensions, context-specific zero-change rules, PROWAG dimensions and adoption status, selected municipal repair and program criteria, Illinois accessibility provisions, Rockford and Winnebago source findings, and published Illinois de minimis decisions.",
  "methodology": [
    "Read each published dimension, requirement, adoption event, or court holding against an official issuing-body source or an official later court opinion that expressly reports the older holding.",
    "Kept the physical dimension separate from the legal context, force, and party bound by the instrument.",
    "Preserved source conflicts instead of selecting a preferred number, including the Minneapolis one-inch wording and the disputed measurements in Warner, St. Martin, Burns, and Monson.",
    "Normalized the practical ADA and PROWAG bevel band as over 0.25 inch through 0.50 inch because the preceding provision independently permits exactly 0.25 inch vertically.",
    "Recorded scoped absence findings only for named documents and did not convert them into jurisdiction-wide declarations."
  ],
  "verification_tiers": {
    "★": "Read in an enacted code, regulation, standard, court opinion, or issuing body’s direct technical or inspection criteria.",
    "●": "Read in the issuing body’s own program, FAQ, project, or document-review source; fully verified at that source but not represented as an enacted numerical rule."
  },
  "limitations": [
    "This is a documentary research dataset, not an accessibility inspection, legal opinion, repair specification, or property certification.",
    "The 2010 ADA Standards use “changes in level”; “trip hazard” is not a defined term in the cited technical provisions.",
    "Municipal rows represent different instrument types and cannot be treated as one statistically representative sample or one uniform legal category.",
    "Illinois de minimis decisions are fact-specific. The Illinois Supreme Court states that no mathematical formula or bright-line test separates de minimis and actionable defects.",
    "The Rockford absence finding is limited to the named reviewed materials, and the City warns that its online code may lag or omit ordinances.",
    "The Winnebago County entry is project-specific and does not establish a countywide numerical threshold.",
    "No field measurements were performed for this dataset."
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-303.2",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "303.2",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.25",
      "threshold_mm": "≤6.4",
      "treatment_required": "Vertical change permitted; no bevel required by this section",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted and §303 applies",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable technical standard through the applicable ADA regulation and scoping provision",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within the applicable Title II or Title III context",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch03/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The Standards use “change in level,” not a defined term “trip hazard.”"
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-303.3",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "303.3",
      "threshold_in": ">0.25–≤0.50",
      "threshold_mm": ">6.4–≤13",
      "treatment_required": "Bevel required",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:2",
      "max_slope_percent": "50.0",
      "applies_to": "Floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted and §303 applies",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable technical standard through the applicable ADA regulation and scoping provision",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within the applicable Title II or Title III context",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch03/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Official text says ¼-inch minimum through ½-inch maximum; this dataset normalizes the practical decision band above ¼ inch because §303.2 separately permits exactly ¼ inch vertically."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-303.4",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "303.4",
      "threshold_in": ">0.50",
      "threshold_mm": ">13",
      "treatment_required": "Comply with ramp or curb-ramp provisions",
      "max_slope_ratio": "Per 405 or 406",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted and §303 applies",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable technical standard through the applicable ADA regulation and scoping provision",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within the applicable Title II or Title III context",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch03/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-304.2",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "304.2",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted; slope exception applies",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Required turning spaces",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable context-specific technical requirement",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch03/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-305.2",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "305.2",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted; slope exception applies",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Required clear floor or ground spaces",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable context-specific technical requirement",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch03/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-403.4",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "403.4",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level must comply with §303",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Walking surfaces that are part of an accessible route",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable context-specific technical requirement",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch04/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-404.2.4.4",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "404.2.4.4",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted except qualifying slopes and thresholds",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Required door and gate maneuvering clearances",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable context-specific technical requirement",
      "binding_on": "Covered entities and covered facilities within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch04/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-404.2.5",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "404.2.5",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.50",
      "threshold_mm": "≤13",
      "treatment_required": "Thresholds must also comply with §§302 and 303",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Doorway thresholds",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable threshold-specific maximum",
      "binding_on": "Covered doorways within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch04/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-404.2.5-EX",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "404.2.5 exception",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.75",
      "threshold_mm": "≤19",
      "treatment_required": "Bevel each side",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:2",
      "max_slope_percent": "50.0",
      "applies_to": "Qualifying existing or altered doorway thresholds",
      "legal_force": "Narrow technical exception; not a general walking-surface allowance",
      "binding_on": "Covered doorways meeting the exception",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch04/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-405.7.1",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice / U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "405.7.1",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted; slope exception applies",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Ramp landings",
      "legal_force": "Enforceable context-specific technical requirement",
      "binding_on": "Covered ramps within applicable scoping",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/ada/chapter/ch04/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ADA-104.1.1",
      "dataset": "federal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design",
      "section": "104.1.1",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Conventional industry tolerances apply except where a range has specific minimum and maximum endpoints",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Construction and manufacturing tolerances",
      "legal_force": "Interpretive convention within the Standards",
      "binding_on": "Dimensions governed by the Standards",
      "instrument_date": "2010-09-15",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ada.gov/law-and-regs/design-standards/2010-stds/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Not a blanket extra allowance to be added to every stated maximum."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "TITLE-III-36.304",
      "dataset": "applicability",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "28 CFR Part 36",
      "section": "36.304",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Remove architectural barriers where removal is readily achievable",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Existing Title III public accommodations",
      "legal_force": "Federal regulation",
      "binding_on": "Title III public accommodations",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-28/chapter-I/part-36/subpart-C/section-36.304",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "A facts-and-circumstances obligation, not a numerical displacement threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "TITLE-II-35.150",
      "dataset": "applicability",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "28 CFR Part 35",
      "section": "35.150",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Operate each service, program, or activity so it is accessible when viewed in its entirety",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Existing facilities used by state or local government programs",
      "legal_force": "Federal regulation",
      "binding_on": "State and local government public entities",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-28/chapter-I/part-35/subpart-D/section-35.150",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Does not necessarily require every existing facility to be made accessible."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "TITLE-II-35.133",
      "dataset": "applicability",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "28 CFR Part 35",
      "section": "35.133",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Maintain required accessible features in operable working condition",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Accessible features required under Title II",
      "legal_force": "Federal regulation",
      "binding_on": "State and local government public entities",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-28/chapter-I/part-35/subpart-B/section-35.133",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Isolated or temporary interruptions for maintenance or repair are not prohibited."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "TITLE-III-36.211",
      "dataset": "applicability",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "28 CFR Part 36",
      "section": "36.211",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Maintain required accessible features in operable working condition",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Accessible features required under Title III",
      "legal_force": "Federal regulation",
      "binding_on": "Title III public accommodations",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-28/chapter-I/part-36/subpart-B/section-36.211",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Isolated or temporary interruptions for maintenance or repair are not prohibited."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "TITLE-III-36.207",
      "dataset": "applicability",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Justice",
      "instrument": "28 CFR Part 36",
      "section": "36.207",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Exclusively residential portions are not covered; portions used as a place of public accommodation are covered",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Private residences with or without a public-accommodation use",
      "legal_force": "Federal regulation",
      "binding_on": "Title III covered uses",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-28/chapter-I/part-36/subpart-B/section-36.207",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Other housing, state, local, contractual, and tort rules require separate analysis."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "OSHA-1910.22",
      "dataset": "workplace",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Occupational Safety and Health Administration",
      "instrument": "29 CFR Part 1910, Subpart D",
      "section": "1910.22",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Keep surfaces clean, orderly, hazard-free, inspected, and repaired before reuse; guard until corrected when necessary",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "General-industry walking-working surfaces",
      "legal_force": "Federal workplace-safety regulation",
      "binding_on": "Covered employers",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-29/subtitle-B/chapter-XVII/part-1910/subpart-D/section-1910.22",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Section 1910.22 contains no numerical ¼-inch trip-hazard threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.1",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.1",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Grade breaks must be flush",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Pedestrian access route grade breaks",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.2-A",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.2",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.25",
      "threshold_mm": "≤6.4",
      "treatment_required": "Vertical change permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Surfaces of accessible pedestrian access routes",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.2-B",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.2",
      "threshold_in": ">0.25–≤0.50",
      "threshold_mm": ">6.4–≤13",
      "treatment_required": "Bevel required",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:2",
      "max_slope_percent": "50.0",
      "applies_to": "Surfaces of accessible pedestrian access routes",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Dataset normalizes the decision band above ¼ inch because the preceding sentence permits exactly ¼ inch vertically."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.2-C",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.2",
      "threshold_in": ">0.50–≤6.00",
      "threshold_mm": ">13–≤150",
      "treatment_required": "Provide sloped transition",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:12",
      "max_slope_percent": "8.3",
      "applies_to": "Surfaces of accessible pedestrian access routes",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.2-D",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.2",
      "threshold_in": ">6.00",
      "threshold_mm": ">150",
      "treatment_required": "Comply with R407",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Surfaces of accessible pedestrian access routes",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R302.6.3",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R302.6.3",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.50 opening",
      "threshold_mm": "≤13 opening",
      "treatment_required": "Openings must not permit passage of a ½-inch sphere",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Openings in pedestrian access route surfaces",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R304.5.4",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R304.5.4",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Curb-ramp and blended-transition surfaces",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R310.2.3",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R310.2.3",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Accessible on-street parking spaces",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R310.5.4",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R310.5.4",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Access aisles serving accessible on-street parking",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-R311.4",
      "dataset": "prowag",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines",
      "section": "R311.4",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Passenger-loading-zone pull-up spaces and access aisles",
      "legal_force": "Final federal guideline; mandatory in a covered context when adopted as a standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects under an adopting authority",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/technical.html",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-BASE-STATUS",
      "dataset": "adoption",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "36 CFR Part 1190 / PROWAG final rule",
      "section": "General adoption status",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Check adoption by the responsible implementing agency or jurisdiction",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Pedestrian facilities in the public right-of-way",
      "legal_force": "Final accessibility guideline, not universally self-executing as an ADA standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered projects only after applicable adoption",
      "instrument_date": "2023-08-08",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/08/08/2023-16149/accessibility-guidelines-for-pedestrian-facilities-in-the-public-right-of-way",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-GSA-2024",
      "dataset": "adoption",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "General Services Administration",
      "instrument": "Federal Management Regulation PROWAG adoption",
      "section": "41 CFR 102-76",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Apply adopted PROWAG requirements",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Covered pedestrian facilities under the Architectural Barriers Act",
      "legal_force": "Mandatory GSA ABA standard",
      "binding_on": "Covered federal projects",
      "instrument_date": "2024-09-03",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/07/03/2024-14424/federal-management-regulation-accessibility-standard-for-pedestrian-facilities-in-the-public",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-DOT-2025",
      "dataset": "adoption",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Transportation",
      "instrument": "49 CFR Part 37 PROWAG adoption",
      "section": "Transit-stop scope",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Apply adopted PROWAG requirements",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "New construction and alterations of transit stops in the public right-of-way",
      "legal_force": "DOT ADA standard within the stated scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered public transportation entities and projects",
      "instrument_date": "2025-01-17",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/12/18/2024-29990/transportation-for-individuals-with-disabilities-adoption-of-accessibility-standards-for-pedestrian",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "DOT did not extend this adoption to every independent sidewalk, crosswalk, or on-street parking element."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-DOT-ENFORCEMENT",
      "dataset": "adoption",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Department of Transportation",
      "instrument": "Enforcement-discretion notice",
      "section": "PROWAG final rule",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Enforcement deferred until March 20, 2025",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "DOT PROWAG final-rule enforcement",
      "legal_force": "Agency enforcement notice",
      "binding_on": "Covered DOT-regulated entities",
      "instrument_date": "2025-03-20",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/02/19/2025-02811/transportation-for-individuals-with-disabilities-adoption-of-accessibility-standards-for-pedestrian",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "PROWAG-DOJ-TIMELINE",
      "dataset": "adoption",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "U.S. Access Board",
      "instrument": "PROWAG background and adoption timeline",
      "section": "DOJ adoption entry",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "No DOJ adoption is listed on the Access Board timeline on the date checked",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Status reporting only",
      "legal_force": "Official agency timeline, not a separate rule",
      "binding_on": "Not applicable",
      "instrument_date": "2026-07-24",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "This is a dated negative finding limited to the official timeline checked on July 24, 2026."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "NYC-19-152-VERTICAL",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "New York City",
      "instrument": "New York City Administrative Code",
      "section": "19-152(a)(4)",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.50",
      "threshold_mm": "≥12.7",
      "treatment_required": "Condition is defined as a trip hazard/substantial sidewalk defect under the provision",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Vertical grade differential between adjacent sidewalk flags",
      "legal_force": "Municipal administrative code",
      "binding_on": "Abutting property owner subject to the code and its exceptions",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/newyorkcity/latest/NYCadmin/0-0-0-218000",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "NYC-19-152-SURFACE",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "New York City",
      "instrument": "New York City Administrative Code",
      "section": "19-152(a)(4)",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.50 depth",
      "threshold_mm": "≥12.7 depth",
      "treatment_required": "Condition is defined as a trip hazard/substantial sidewalk defect when horizontal size also meets the rule",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Surface defect at least 1 inch in all horizontal directions and at least ½ inch deep",
      "legal_force": "Municipal administrative code",
      "binding_on": "Abutting property owner subject to the code and its exceptions",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/newyorkcity/latest/NYCadmin/0-0-0-218000",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "NYC-DOT-2-09",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "New York City Department of Transportation",
      "instrument": "NYC DOT Highway Rules",
      "section": "2-09(f)(5)(iv)",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.50",
      "threshold_mm": "≥12.7",
      "treatment_required": "Trip-hazard criterion mirrors the administrative-code vertical differential",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Adjacent sidewalk flags",
      "legal_force": "Municipal rule",
      "binding_on": "Persons and work within the rule’s scope",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/newyorkcity/latest/NYCrules/0-0-0-62402",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "MINNEAPOLIS-EDGE",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Minneapolis Public Works",
      "instrument": "2024 Sidewalk Inspection Defective Sidewalk Standards and Criteria",
      "section": "Projecting hazardous edges",
      "threshold_in": "≥1.00 / >1.00",
      "threshold_mm": "≥25.4 / >25.4",
      "treatment_required": "Order removal and replacement under the published criteria",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Projecting hazardous sidewalk edges",
      "legal_force": "Official annual inspection criterion",
      "binding_on": "City sidewalk inspection program",
      "instrument_date": "2024-06-26",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://minneapolismn.gov/media/-www-content-assets/documents/2024-Sidewalk-Defective-Standards-Criteria.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The same official criteria document uses “one inch or more” in one location and “exceeding one inch” in another; both formulations are preserved."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "MINNEAPOLIS-CRACK",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Minneapolis Public Works",
      "instrument": "2024 Sidewalk Inspection Defective Sidewalk Standards and Criteria",
      "section": "Cracked or broken sections",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.25 separation",
      "threshold_mm": "≥6.35 separation",
      "treatment_required": "Order removal and replacement under the published criteria",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Separation in cracked or broken sidewalk sections",
      "legal_force": "Official annual inspection criterion",
      "binding_on": "City sidewalk inspection program",
      "instrument_date": "2024-06-26",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://minneapolismn.gov/media/-www-content-assets/documents/2024-Sidewalk-Defective-Standards-Criteria.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "This is a crack or broken-section separation criterion, not a vertical-offset threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "SAN-RAMON-VERTICAL",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of San Ramon Public Works",
      "instrument": "Sidewalk Maintenance criteria",
      "section": "Vertical offset",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.50",
      "threshold_mm": "≥12.7",
      "treatment_required": "City requires repair",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sidewalk vertical offset",
      "legal_force": "Official city maintenance criterion",
      "binding_on": "Adjoining property owner under the city program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.sanramon.ca.gov/our_city/departments_and_divisions/public_works/streets/sidewalk_maintenance",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "SAN-RAMON-CRACK",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of San Ramon Public Works",
      "instrument": "Sidewalk Maintenance criteria",
      "section": "Opening or crack",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.625",
      "threshold_mm": "≥15.875",
      "treatment_required": "City requires repair",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sidewalk opening or crack",
      "legal_force": "Official city maintenance criterion",
      "binding_on": "Adjoining property owner under the city program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.sanramon.ca.gov/our_city/departments_and_divisions/public_works/streets/sidewalk_maintenance",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "SAN-RAMON-HEAVE",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of San Ramon Public Works",
      "instrument": "Sidewalk Maintenance criteria",
      "section": "Heave",
      "threshold_in": ">4 in over 4 ft",
      "threshold_mm": ">101.6 mm over 1.22 m",
      "treatment_required": "City requires repair",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sidewalk heave",
      "legal_force": "Official city maintenance criterion",
      "binding_on": "Adjoining property owner under the city program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.sanramon.ca.gov/our_city/departments_and_divisions/public_works/streets/sidewalk_maintenance",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "SAN-RAMON-SAG",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of San Ramon Public Works",
      "instrument": "Sidewalk Maintenance criteria",
      "section": "Sag",
      "threshold_in": ">4 in over 8 ft",
      "threshold_mm": ">101.6 mm over 2.44 m",
      "treatment_required": "City requires repair",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sidewalk sag",
      "legal_force": "Official city maintenance criterion",
      "binding_on": "Adjoining property owner under the city program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.sanramon.ca.gov/our_city/departments_and_divisions/public_works/streets/sidewalk_maintenance",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "FREDERICK-VARIANCE",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Frederick, Maryland",
      "instrument": "Official Sidewalk Repair FAQ applying the City Sidewalk Repair Guidelines",
      "section": "Repair criterion",
      "threshold_in": "≥0.50",
      "threshold_mm": "≥12.7",
      "treatment_required": "Identified as a tripping hazard under the City’s published guideline summary",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Abrupt grade variance, lip, drop-off, or qualifying gap",
      "legal_force": "Official city implementation guidance",
      "binding_on": "Property owners within the sidewalk repair program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "●",
      "source_url": "https://www.cityoffrederickmd.gov/m/faq?cat=40",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The threshold is verified on the City’s own FAQ; it is presented as guideline implementation, not labeled here as a codified ordinance threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "WEST-JORDAN-REIMBURSEMENT",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "West Jordan City, Utah",
      "instrument": "Sidewalk Self-Maintenance Reimbursement Program",
      "section": "Minimum reimbursement criteria",
      "threshold_in": "1.00–1.50",
      "threshold_mm": "25.4–38.1",
      "treatment_required": "Condition can satisfy one eligibility criterion for reimbursement",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sudden grade difference between sidewalk panels",
      "legal_force": "Official program eligibility criterion",
      "binding_on": "Applicants seeking reimbursement",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "●",
      "source_url": "https://www.westjordan.utah.gov/forms/gfembed/?f=25",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "This is a reimbursement criterion, not a universal repair-order or legal-liability threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ROCKFORD-REVIEW-FINDING",
      "dataset": "municipal",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Rockford, Illinois",
      "instrument": "Reviewed ADA Transition Plan, Engineering Design Criteria, ordinance notice, and Public Works FAQ",
      "section": "Scoped review finding",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "No separate numerical slab-displacement threshold found in the named reviewed materials",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Only the named City materials reviewed for this version",
      "legal_force": "Document-review finding, not a legal determination of absence",
      "binding_on": "Not applicable",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "●",
      "source_url": "https://www.rockfordil.gov/378/Ordinances",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The City states its online code may lag and may omit ordinances; the finding cannot be expanded into a claim that no local provision exists."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "DEVON-TRIP-HAZARD",
      "dataset": "municipal-comparator",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Devon County Council, United Kingdom",
      "instrument": "Trip Hazards repair criteria",
      "section": "Vertical deviation",
      "threshold_in": ">0.787",
      "threshold_mm": ">20",
      "treatment_required": "Council states it will repair when the criterion is met",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Vertical deviation from the adjacent surrounding area",
      "legal_force": "Official highway-authority repair criterion",
      "binding_on": "County highway maintenance program",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.devon.gov.uk/roads-and-transport/maintaining-roads/managing-the-network/trip-hazards/",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Non-U.S. comparator; not part of American legal or municipal-threshold distribution claims."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-303.2",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "303.2",
      "threshold_in": "≤0.25",
      "threshold_mm": "≤6.4",
      "treatment_required": "Vertical change permitted",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "In-scope Illinois floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted",
      "legal_force": "Illinois accessibility-code requirement with force of law within its scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered Illinois public facilities and multi-story housing",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-303.3",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "303.3",
      "threshold_in": ">0.25–≤0.50",
      "threshold_mm": ">6.4–≤13",
      "treatment_required": "Bevel required",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:2",
      "max_slope_percent": "50.0",
      "applies_to": "In-scope Illinois floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted",
      "legal_force": "Illinois accessibility-code requirement with force of law within its scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered Illinois public facilities and multi-story housing",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Dataset normalizes the decision band above ¼ inch because §303.2 separately permits exactly ¼ inch vertically."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-303.4",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "303.4",
      "threshold_in": ">0.50",
      "threshold_mm": ">13",
      "treatment_required": "Comply with 405 or 406",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "In-scope Illinois floor or ground surfaces where changes in level are permitted",
      "legal_force": "Illinois accessibility-code requirement with force of law within its scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered Illinois public facilities and multi-story housing",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-304.2",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "304.2",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted; slope exception applies",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Required turning spaces",
      "legal_force": "Illinois accessibility-code requirement with force of law within its scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered Illinois public facilities and multi-story housing",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-305.2",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "305.2",
      "threshold_in": "0",
      "threshold_mm": "0",
      "treatment_required": "Changes in level not permitted; slope exception applies",
      "max_slope_ratio": "1:48",
      "max_slope_percent": "2.08",
      "applies_to": "Required clear floor or ground spaces",
      "legal_force": "Illinois accessibility-code requirement with force of law within its scope",
      "binding_on": "Covered Illinois public facilities and multi-story housing",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-IAC-101.7",
      "dataset": "illinois-code",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Capital Development Board",
      "instrument": "2018 Illinois Accessibility Code",
      "section": "101.7",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Local governmental units may enact more stringent requirements",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Illinois local standards",
      "legal_force": "State minimum rule",
      "binding_on": "Illinois governmental units",
      "instrument_date": "2018-10-23",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://dceo.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/dceo/cdb/business/codes/illinoisaccessibilitycode/documents/2018-illinois-accessibility-code.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ROCKFORD-TRANSITION-2018",
      "dataset": "rockford-local",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Rockford Public Works",
      "instrument": "ADA Transition Plan — Public Rights-of-Way and Sidewalks",
      "section": "Design standards and guidelines",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Use listed federal and state materials as minimum public-right-of-way references",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "City public-right-of-way transition planning",
      "legal_force": "Official transition-plan and design-reference document",
      "binding_on": "City planning and implementation described by the plan",
      "instrument_date": "2018-01-29",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.rockfordil.gov/DocumentCenter/View/378/ADA-Transition-Plan-PDF",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The plan predates the current 2018 Illinois Accessibility Code and cites the 1997 state-code edition."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ROCKFORD-EDC-12",
      "dataset": "rockford-local",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Rockford Public Works",
      "instrument": "Engineering Design Criteria",
      "section": "Section 12",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Conform sidewalks, bike routes, and multi-use paths to ADA and/or PROWAG as required; desired cross slope 1.5%, maximum 2%",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Covered City sidewalk, bike-route, and multi-use-path design",
      "legal_force": "Official city engineering design criterion",
      "binding_on": "Projects within the criterion’s scope",
      "instrument_date": "2019-09",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.rockfordil.gov/DocumentCenter/View/382/Engineering-Design-Criteria-PDF",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The cross-slope values are not a vertical slab-displacement threshold."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "ROCKFORD-CODE-CURRENCY",
      "dataset": "rockford-local",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "City of Rockford Department of Law",
      "instrument": "Ordinances publication notice",
      "section": "Online code currency",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Confirm current requirements beyond the online code",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Currency and completeness of online City law",
      "legal_force": "Official source-quality notice",
      "binding_on": "Readers relying on the online City code",
      "instrument_date": "",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.rockfordil.gov/378/Ordinances",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The City says the online code may lag by months and that some ordinances are not published there."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "WINNEBAGO-PSB-2026",
      "dataset": "winnebago-local",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Winnebago County, Illinois",
      "instrument": "Public Safety Building reroof project cover sheet",
      "section": "Reference codes",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Project lists the 2018 Illinois Accessibility Code and 2010 ADA Standards",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "One identified 2026 county construction project",
      "legal_force": "Project-specific reference-code evidence",
      "binding_on": "The cited project",
      "instrument_date": "2026-03-06",
      "verification_tier": "●",
      "source_url": "https://wincoil.gov/images/26-17440_Winnebago_PSB_Reroof_AD1.pdf",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Does not establish a countywide numerical displacement rule."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-ARVIDSON",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Supreme Court",
      "instrument": "Arvidson v. City of Elmhurst, 11 Ill. 2d 601",
      "section": "605, 609",
      "threshold_in": "1.00–2.00",
      "threshold_mm": "25.4–50.8",
      "treatment_required": "Claim properly submitted to the jury",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Slab sloping from about 1 inch at one end to 2 inches at the curb end in a commercial district",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois Supreme Court precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts",
      "instrument_date": "1957",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/122486.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Measurement and holding cross-checked in the Illinois Supreme Court’s official Monson opinion."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-WARNER",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Supreme Court",
      "instrument": "Warner v. City of Chicago, 72 Ill. 2d 100",
      "section": "104–05",
      "threshold_in": "1.125 or 2.00 disputed",
      "threshold_mm": "28.575 or 50.8 disputed",
      "treatment_required": "Conflicting measurements presented a jury question",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Residential sidewalk with conflicting evidence from different times",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois Supreme Court precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts",
      "instrument_date": "1978",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/122486.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The Supreme Court did not hold that the 1⅛-inch figure was de minimis on the record; Monson describes Warner as a jury-question case."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-BAKER",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court",
      "instrument": "Baker v. City of Granite City, 75 Ill. App. 3d 157",
      "section": "160–61",
      "threshold_in": "1.25–2.00 depth",
      "threshold_mm": "31.75–50.8 depth",
      "treatment_required": "Whether the defect was unreasonably dangerous was for the jury",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Crack in a busy commercial sidewalk",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "1979",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/122486.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Measurement and holding cross-checked in the Illinois Supreme Court’s official Monson opinion."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-MARTINKOVIC",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "Martinkovic v. City of Aurora, 150 Ill. App. 3d 589",
      "section": "594",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Express policy deeming defects over 1 inch unsafe and requiring prompt repair prevented a categorical de minimis ruling on that record",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "City sidewalk and the defendant’s express repair policy",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "1986",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2120760.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The official Morris opinion distinguishes an express repair policy from general employee training or a rough guideline."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-BIRCK",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Fourth District",
      "instrument": "Birck v. City of Quincy, 241 Ill. App. 3d 119",
      "section": "121–22",
      "threshold_in": "1.875",
      "threshold_mm": "47.625",
      "treatment_required": "Treated as de minimis on the record",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Sidewalk height variance",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "1993",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/122486.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Monson cites Birck for both the measurement and the fact-specific factors considered."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-HARTUNG",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "Hartung v. Maple Investment & Development Corp., 243 Ill. App. 3d 811",
      "section": "815–17",
      "threshold_in": "0.50–0.75",
      "threshold_mm": "12.7–19.05",
      "treatment_required": "De minimis on the record; doctrine extended to private owners and possessors of land",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Raised sidewalk near a shopping-center store without evidence of congestion",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "1993",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2130505.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-GILLOCK",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Fourth District",
      "instrument": "Gillock v. City of Springfield, 268 Ill. App. 3d 455",
      "section": "457–58",
      "threshold_in": "",
      "threshold_mm": "",
      "treatment_required": "Describes de minimis doctrine and plaintiff’s burden to show size and aggravating circumstances",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Illinois sidewalk-defect negligence analysis",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "1994",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/1151925.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-PUTMAN",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "Putman v. Village of Bensenville, 337 Ill. App. 3d 197",
      "section": "202–05",
      "threshold_in": "1.00",
      "threshold_mm": "25.4",
      "treatment_required": "One-inch lip treated as de minimis as to the village; design-regulation argument did not displace the doctrine",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Lip where a sidewalk ramp met a gutter",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "2003",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2020722.htm/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Read in the official Illinois Courts opinion page and corroborated in later official Illinois appellate opinions."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-MORRIS",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "Morris v. Ingersoll Cutting Tool Co., 2013 IL App (2d) 120760",
      "section": "1, 18–31",
      "threshold_in": "1.50",
      "threshold_mm": "38.1",
      "treatment_required": "Affirmed summary judgment; defect treated as de minimis without sufficient aggravating factors",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Asphalt loading-bay depression and curb/gutter condition",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "2013-09-16",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2120760.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The opinion distinguishes a general training guideline from the express repair policy in Martinkovic."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-ST-MARTIN",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "St. Martin v. First Hospitality Group, Inc., 2014 IL App (2d) 130505",
      "section": "4–5, 19–24",
      "threshold_in": "0.50 to 1.75 disputed; expert under 1.00",
      "threshold_mm": "12.7 to 44.45 disputed; expert under 25.4",
      "treatment_required": "Affirmed summary judgment; treated as de minimis without evidence of aggravating circumstances",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Uneven concrete slabs near a hotel entrance",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "2014-05-01",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2130505.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "The record contained materially different measurements; the dataset preserves the conflict instead of selecting one number."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-BURNS",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, First District",
      "instrument": "Burns v. City of Chicago, 2016 IL App (1st) 151925",
      "section": "7, 23–31",
      "threshold_in": "0.75–1.50",
      "threshold_mm": "19.05–38.1",
      "treatment_required": "Raised detectable-warning tiles treated as de minimis without sufficient aggravating factors",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Detectable-warning tiles at a sidewalk location",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois appellate precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts according to ordinary precedential rules",
      "instrument_date": "2016-07-19",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/1151925.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Deposition estimate was 1½ inches; a photograph indicated ¾ inch. Both are retained."
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-KOMIS",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Appellate Court, Second District",
      "instrument": "Komis v. Exel, Inc., 2016 IL App (2d) 160231-U",
      "section": "18–22",
      "threshold_in": "≤1.125 measured",
      "threshold_mm": "≤28.575 measured",
      "treatment_required": "Affirmed summary judgment based on the nonspeculative measured record and lack of sufficient aggravating facts",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Private-premises height variance",
      "legal_force": "Illinois Supreme Court Rule 23 order; nonprecedential except as allowed by rule",
      "binding_on": "No precedential force except as permitted by Illinois rules",
      "instrument_date": "2016-11-18",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/2160231_R23.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": ""
    },
    {
      "record_id": "IL-CASE-MONSON",
      "dataset": "illinois-case-law",
      "jurisdiction_or_issuer": "Illinois Supreme Court",
      "instrument": "Monson v. City of Danville, 2018 IL 122486",
      "section": "42–49",
      "threshold_in": "About 2.00 or less; unresolved",
      "threshold_mm": "About 50.8 or less; unresolved",
      "treatment_required": "Reversed summary judgment and remanded; held that genuine fact issues remained",
      "max_slope_ratio": "",
      "max_slope_percent": "",
      "applies_to": "Uneven sidewalk seam in a commercial area",
      "legal_force": "Published Illinois Supreme Court precedent",
      "binding_on": "Illinois courts",
      "instrument_date": "2018-08-02",
      "verification_tier": "★",
      "source_url": "https://www.illinoiscourts.gov/files/122486.pdf/opinion",
      "date_checked": "2026-07-24",
      "limitation_note": "Controlling opinion states there is no mathematical formula or bright-line test; height, traffic, location, and the total record matter."
    }
  ]
}